<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
  <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    <title>random</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="csound.css" />
    <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1" />
    <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The Canonical Csound Reference Manual" />
    <link rel="up" href="OpcodesTop.html" title="Orchestra Opcodes and Operators" />
    <link rel="prev" href="randi.html" title="randi" />
    <link rel="next" href="randomh.html" title="randomh" />
  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="navheader">
      <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
        <tr>
          <th colspan="3" align="center">random</th>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="randi.html">Prev</a> </td>
          <th width="60%" align="center">Orchestra Opcodes and Operators</th>
          <td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="randomh.html">Next</a></td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <hr />
    </div>
    <div class="refentry">
      <a id="random"></a>
      <div class="titlepage"></div>
      <a id="IndexRandom" class="indexterm"></a>
      <div class="refnamediv">
        <h2>
          <span class="refentrytitle">random</span>
        </h2>
        <p>random — 
      Generates a controlled pseudo-random number series between min and max values.
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp140960032"></a>
        <h2>Description</h2>
        <p>
      Generates is a controlled pseudo-random number series between min and max values.
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp140961456"></a>
        <h2>Syntax</h2>
        <pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>random</strong></span> kmin, kmax</pre>
        <pre class="synopsis">ires <span class="command"><strong>random</strong></span> imin, imax</pre>
        <pre class="synopsis">kres <span class="command"><strong>random</strong></span> kmin, kmax</pre>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp141037600"></a>
        <h2>Initialization</h2>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>imin</em></span> -- minimum range limit
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>imax</em></span> -- maximum range limit
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp141040224"></a>
        <h2>Performance</h2>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>kmin</em></span> -- minimum range limit
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>kmax</em></span> -- maximum range limit
    </p>
        <p>
      The <span class="emphasis"><em>random</em></span> opcode is similar to <a class="link" href="linrand.html" title="linrand"><em class="citetitle">linrand</em></a> and <a class="link" href="trirand.html" title="trirand"><em class="citetitle">trirand</em></a> but sometimes I [Gabriel Maldonado] find it more convenient because allows the user to set arbitrary minimum and maximum values.
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp141045856"></a>
        <h2>Examples</h2>
        <p>
      Here is an example of the random opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/random.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">random.csd</em></a>.

      </p>
        <div class="example">
          <a id="idp141047600"></a>
          <p class="title">
            <strong>Example 735. Example of the random opcode.</strong>
          </p>
          <div class="example-contents">
            <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
            <pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac     <span class="comment">;;;realtime audio out</span>
<span class="comment">;-iadc    ;;;uncomment -iadc if RT audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="comment">; -o random.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsInstruments&gt;</span>

<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2
<span class="ohdr">0dbfs</span>  <span class="op">=</span> 1

<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1	<span class="comment">;same values every time</span>

krnd <span class="opc">random</span> 100, 1000
     <span class="opc">printk</span> .5, krnd			<span class="comment">; look </span>
aout <span class="opc">oscili</span> 0.8, 440<span class="op">+</span>krnd, 1		<span class="comment">; &amp; listen</span>
     <span class="opc">outs</span> aout, aout

<span class="oblock">endin</span>

<span class="oblock">instr</span> 2	<span class="comment">;different values every time</span>

<span class="ohdr">seed</span> 0
krnd <span class="opc">random</span> 100, 1000			<span class="comment">; seed from system clock</span>
     <span class="opc">printk</span> .5, krnd			<span class="comment">; look </span>
aout <span class="opc">oscili</span> 0.8, 440<span class="op">+</span>krnd, 1		<span class="comment">; &amp; listen</span>
     <span class="opc">outs</span> aout, aout

<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsInstruments&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsScore&gt;</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span> 1 0 16384 10 1	<span class="comment">;sine wave.</span>

<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 1
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 2 2 1
<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsScore&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
</pre>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p><br class="example-break" />

      Its output should include lines like:
      </p>
        <pre class="screen">
 i   1 time     0.00067:   894.58566
 i   1 time     0.50000:   748.44281
 i   1 time     1.00000:   328.29916

WARNING: Seeding from current time 1656666052

 i   2 time     2.00067:   690.71466
 i   2 time     2.50000:   459.42445
 i   2 time     3.00000:   100.85594
      </pre>
        <p>
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp141053248"></a>
        <h2>See Also</h2>
        <p>
      <a class="link" href="linrand.html" title="linrand"><em class="citetitle">linrand</em></a>,
      <a class="link" href="randomh.html" title="randomh"><em class="citetitle">randomh</em></a>,
      <a class="link" href="randomi.html" title="randomi"><em class="citetitle">randomi</em></a>,
      <a class="link" href="trirand.html" title="trirand"><em class="citetitle">trirand</em></a>
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp141058272"></a>
        <h2>Credits</h2>
        <p>Author: Gabriel Maldonado</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="navfooter">
      <hr />
      <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
        <tr>
          <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="randi.html">Prev</a> </td>
          <td width="20%" align="center">
            <a accesskey="u" href="OpcodesTop.html">Up</a>
          </td>
          <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="randomh.html">Next</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">randi </td>
          <td width="20%" align="center">
            <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a>
          </td>
          <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> randomh</td>
        </tr>
      </table>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>
